Tindakan Genosida Terhadap Etnis Rohingnya Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Internasional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/hakim.v2i1.1717Keywords:
genocide, international criminal law, Rohingya ethnicityAbstract
the actions taken by the Myanmar Government against its Rohing ethnic groups have fulfilled the element that this action can be categorized as a crime of genocide. The requirement for an action can be said to be an act of genocide, if it has fulfilled elements such as mass murder, carried out systematically, discriminated against a religion, and aimed at eliminating a certain minority ethnic or group. Therefore, the actions taken by the Myanmar government have fulfilled the above elements, so it can be concluded that the actions taken by the Myanmar government against the Muslim Rohing ethnicity are international genocide crimes. Keywords: Genocide, International Criminal Law, Rohingya. Rohingya community has experienced various forms of human rights violations that include genocide crimes, especially since 1978. The right to freedom of movement for the spirits is tightly restricted and the issuance of the Citizenship Law Act which resulted in Myanmar freely discriminating against people who are not has a citizenship status. The issues raised in this study are the actions undertaken by Myanmar is a crime of genocide, as well as efforts to resolve disputes between Myanmar and ethnic spirits. This type of research uses the type of normative legal research that is by literature studies and literature related to genocide, and using historical approaches, statutory approaches, concept approaches and case approaches. The results of this study indicate that the actions taken by Myanmar to the spirits of the Muslim community are indeed a genocide crime, based on some elements in accordance with Article 6 of the Rome Statute 1998. The Dispute Resolution is litigated, as non- litigation settlements can not find the bright spot of the dispute, and who handles the case is the International Criminal Court with the ICC tribunal. The conclusion is that Myanmar has committed genocide crimes against its ethnic spirits and discrimination against minorities. Furthermore, the efforts of dispute settlement are conducted by litigation or through legal mechanism and handled by ICC (International Criminal Court).
References
Arianta. K., Mangku. D. G. S., Yuliartini. N. P. R. [2018]. Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Kaum Etnis Rohingya Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Internasional. Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia. 1 (1)
Beiter, K.D. [2005]. The Protection of the Right to Education by International Law. Martinus Nijhoff Publisher;
Blokker and Schemers, [2003], International Institutional Law, Fourth Edition, Leiden;
Bueren, G.V. [1995]. The International law on the Rights of Child, 233;
Castermans, Van Hoof and Smith (eds), 1999, The Role of Nations State in the 21st Century, Human Rights, International Organizations and Foreign Policies, Essay in Honor of Peter Baehr, Cambridge, MA;
Charles, B. [2009]. The Idea of Human Rights. Oxford University Press.
Colnan, S. [2008], The Effectiveness of Domestic Human Rights NGO’s, Martinus Nijhoff Publisher, Leiden Boston;
Coomans & Kaminga (eds), [2004], Extraterritorial Application of Human Rights Treaties, Antwerp; Detrick, S. [1995,] A Commentary on the UN Convention on the Right of the Child
Eide, A. (et.all), [1995], Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, A Textbook;
Harianti, D. [2007], Presentasi HAM dan KTSP, Pelatihan HAM Bagi Guru Se Propinsi Sumatera Barat, Padang, Juni 2007.
Hillary Rodham, [1973]. Children Under the Law, 43 Harvard Educational Review;
Indriyanto, B. [2004]. HAM Dalam Konteks Kurikulum Nasional Dan Lokal. Jurnal Hukum dan HAM Bidang Pendidikan. 2 3 (Desember );
Kaelan, Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Penjabaran Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia, Jurnal Filsafat No. 2 Tahun Kaikobad, K.H. & Bohlander, M. 2009. International and Power Perspective on Legal Order and Justice, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers;.
Landman, Todd, [2006], Studying Human Rights, Oxford University Press;
Pais, M.S. “A Human Rights Conceptual Framework for Children’s Rights”
Prasetyo, Y.A. Hak Ekosob dan Kewajiban Negara, Pemerkuatan Hak Asasi Manusia Untuk Hakim Seluruh Indonesia, Holiday Resort Lombok, 28-31 Mei 2012;
Reinisch, [2007], Securing the Accountability of International Organizations, 7 Global Governance;
Taihitu, B.P. 2003. Penaatan Indonesia Pada Standar-Standar Hak Asasi Manusia Internasiona, Jakarta: Thesis Fisipol UI, Universitas Indonesia;
Tanamas, M.J.Z. 1999, Aspek Hukum Perlindungan Anak Dalam Perspektif Konvensi Hak Anak, Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti
Bustamam Ridwan, 2013. Jejak Komunitas Muslim di Burma (Fakta Sejarah Yang Terabaikan), Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementrian Agama
Effendi, Tolib. 2014. Hukum Pidana Internasional. Yogyakarta : Penerbit Pustaka Yustisia
Geraldi Aldo Rico. 2013. Penyiksaan Falun Gong Oleh Pemerintah Republik Rakyat China Terkait Konvensi Anti Penyiksaan Tahun 1984. Skripsi. Jurusan Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Udayana.
Kurniawan Indra Yogie, Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Pelanggaran HAM Berat Dalam Konflik Bersenjata Antara Serbia Dengan Bosnia- Herzegovina Tahun 1992-1995. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, 2017
Kewarganegaraan: Study Kasus Etnis Rohingnya, Myanmar. 2012
Kurniawan Indra Yogie, Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Pelanggaran HAM Berat Dalam Konflik Bersenjata Antara Serbia Dengan Bosnia- Herzegovina Tahun 1992-1995. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, 2017.
Parthiana, Wayan. 2015. Hukum Pidana Internasional. Bandung : CV. Yrama Widya
Winarwati, Indien. 2017. Hukum Pidana Internasional. Malang : Setara Pres
Susanti Aviantina. 2014. Penyelesaian Kasus Pelanggaran HAM Berat Terhadap Etnis Rohingnya Di Myanmar Berdasarkan Hukum Internasional
Siswanto, Arie. 2015. Hukum Pidana Internasional. Yogyakarta : C.V Andi Offset
Tamia Dian Ayu Faniati, Tinjauan Hukum Internasional Terhadap Etnis Yang Tidak Memiliki
Widyawati, Anis. 2014. Hukum Pidana Internasional. Jakarta : Sinar Grafika
