Strategi Penuntutan Kejahatan Siber dengan Artificial Intelligence di Era Digital

Authors

  • Cindy Tania Fakultas Studi Akademik, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Janwan Gidalty Fakultas Studi Akademik, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer, Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51903/j928ts68

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Cybercrime Prosecution, Legal Strategy

Abstract

The rapid escalation of cybercrime in Indonesia and worldwide highlights the urgent need for adaptive legal strategies that integrate emerging technologies. This study investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used to strengthen prosecution strategies against cybercrime, focusing on law enforcement readiness, implementation challenges, and the opportunities it presents. Using a qualitative approach supported by empirical data, the research combines doctrinal legal analysis, socio-legal perspectives, and case studies through in-depth interviews with prosecutors, investigators, and digital forensic experts, alongside secondary data from national and international reports. The results reveal that while awareness of AI’s potential is relatively high, its actual use in legal practice remains limited, with only 30 percent of respondents having direct experience with AI tools. Statistical data also confirm a significant increase in cyberattacks from 215 million anomalies in 2022 to nearly 400 million in 2024, underscoring the urgency of adopting AI. Findings show that AI can enhance the identification of digital evidence, detect hidden patterns in cyberattacks, and improve the effectiveness of prosecution. However, concerns about algorithmic bias and the lack of legal frameworks persist. This study contributes to academic discourse by offering an applied framework for AI-based prosecution strategies in developing countries and by providing practical recommendations for prosecutors and policymakers to accelerate digital legal reforms. The novelty lies in bridging theoretical discussions with an operational model contextualized to Indonesia’s legal environment.

References

Anwary, I. (2022). The Role of Public Administration in Combating Cybercrime: An Analysis of the Legal Framework in Indonesia. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 16(2), 216–227. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766577

Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara (BSSN). (2024). Laporan Tahunan Keamanan Siber 2023. Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara. https://educsirt.kemendikdasmen.go.id/portal/berita/197

Benefo, E. O., Tingler, A., White, M., Cover, J., Torres, L., Broussard, C., Shirmohammadi, A., Pradhan, A. K., & Patra, D. (2022). Ethical, Legal, Social, and Economic (ELSE) Implications of Artificial Intelligence at a Global Level: A Scientometrics Approach. AI and Ethics, 2(4), 667–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00124-6

Chakraborty, C., & Mitra, S. (2024). Machine Learning and AI in Cyber Crime Detection. In Advancements in Cyber Crime Investigations and Modern Data Analytics (pp. 143–174). CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003471103-8

Dai, D., & Boroomand, S. (2022). A Review of Artificial Intelligence to Enhance the Security of Big Data Systems: State-of-Art, Methodologies, Applications, and Challenges. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 29(2), 1291–1309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-021-09628-0

Faqir, R. S. A. (2023). Digital Criminal Investigations in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Overview. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 17(2), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766706

Gojali, D. S. (2023). Identifying the Prevalence of Cybercrime in Indonesian Corporations: A Corporate Legislation Perspective. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 17(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766600

Greenstein, S. (2022). Preserving the Rule of Law in the Era of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial Intelligence and Law, 30(3), 291–323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10506-021-09294-4

Hansel, M., & Silomon, J. (2024). Ransomware as a Threat to Peace and Security: Understanding and Avoiding Political Worst-Case Scenarios. Journal of Cyber Policy, 9(2), 159–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/23738871.2024.2357092

Hukom, R., & Martinus. (2025). The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Decision-Making in Indonesia. Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Sosial, 3(1), 1032–1051. https://doi.org/10.51903/hakim.v3i1.2298

Hukom, R., & Setiadi, M. H. (2025). Pengaruh Media Sosial terhadap Pola Kejahatan di Era Digital: Studi Kriminologi dengan Pendekatan Netnografi. Perkara : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik, 3(1), 750–768. https://doi.org/10.51903/perkara.v3i1.2353

Imran, M. F. (2023). Preventing and Combating Cybercrime in Indonesia. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 17(1), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766614

Interpol. (2024). Interpol Annual Report 2023. International Criminal Police Organization. https://www.interpol.int/content/download/22267/file/interpolannualreport2023en.pdf

Karthikeyan, R., Yi, C., & Boudourides, M. (2024). Criminal Justice in the Age of AI: Addressing Bias in Predictive Algorithms Used by Courts. In The Ethics Gap in the Engineering of the Future (2nd ed., pp. 27–50). Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83797-635-520241003

Kumar, D., & Suthar, N. (2024). Ethical and Legal Challenges of AI in Marketing: An Exploration of Solutions. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 22(1), 124–144. https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-05-2023-0068

Kusak, M. (2022). Quality of Data Sets That Feed AI and Big Data Applications for Law Enforcement. ERA Forum, 23(2), 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12027-022-00719-4

Laksito, J., Idris, M. F., & Waryanto, A. (2024). Hak dan Kewajiban Negara dalam Mengatasi Kejahatan Lintas Batas di Era Digital: Pendekatan Analisis Normatif. Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Sosial, 2(4), 774–790. https://doi.org/10.51903/hakim.v2i4.2154

Malek, M. A. (2022). Criminal Courts’ Artificial Intelligence: The Way It Reinforces Bias and Discrimination. AI and Ethics, 2(1), 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-022-00137-9

Neiva, L., Granja, R., & Machado, H. (2022). Big Data Applied to Criminal Investigations: Expectations of Professionals of Police Cooperation in the European Union. Policing and Society, 32(10), 1167–1179. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2022.2029433

Oatley, G. C. (2022). Themes in Data Mining, Big Data, and Crime Analytics. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 12(2), 1432. https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1432

Radu, R. (2025). Countering Ransomware: Government Responses in a Comparative Perspective. 17th International Conference on Cyber Conflict: The Next Step (CyCon), 91–108. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid%3A86ff65a2-c5bb-4cba-be6b-c2683d90a0f9

Rajendra, J. B., & Thuraisingam, A. S. (2025). The Role of Explainability and Human Intervention in AI Decisions: Jurisdictional and Regulatory Aspects. Information & Communications Technology Law, 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600834.2025.2537514

Rawat, R., Garg, B., Mahor, V., Telang, S., Pachlasiya, K., & Chouhan, M. (2022). Organ Trafficking on the Dark Web-the Data Security and Privacy Concern in Healthcare Systems. In Internet of Healthcare Things: Machine Learning for Security and Privacy (pp. 191–216). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119792468.ch9

Sætra, H. S., Coeckelbergh, M., & Danaher, J. (2022). The AI Ethicist’s Dilemma: Fighting Big Tech by Supporting Big Tech. AI and Ethics, 2(1), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00123-7

Schaufelbühl, S., Florquin, N., Werner, D., & Delémont, O. (2024). The Emergence of 3D-Printed Firearms: An Analysis of Media and Law Enforcement Reports. Forensic Science International: Synergy, 8, 100464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100464

Scott, B. (2024). “Everyone Freaks Out When the Leaks Are Made”: Data Leaks, Investigative Journalism and Intelligence Practice. Journal of Financial Crime, 31(3), 545–557. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfc-05-2023-0123

Sitompul, F., Petrus, A., Manik, P., Sinaga, C. D., Purba, A. T., & Satria, A. (2024). Kejahatan Teknologi Informasi (Cyber Crime) dan Penanggulangannya dalam Hukum Indonesia. Jaksa : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik, 2(2), 222–228. https://doi.org/10.51903/jaksa.v2i2.1668

Tuazon, O. M., Wickenheiser, R. A., Ansell, R., Guerrini, C. J., Zwenne, G. J., & Custers, B. (2024). Law Enforcement Use of Genetic Genealogy Databases in Criminal Investigations: Nomenclature, Definition and Scope. Forensic Science International: Synergy, 8, 100460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100460

Yu, L., Cong, Q., & Li, S. (2024). Study on International Cooperation to Address Cross-Border Telecommunication Network Fraud Offence. Journal of Politics and Law, 17(2), 51. https://doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v17n2p51

Zafar, A. (2024). Balancing the Scale: Navigating Ethical and Practical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Integration in Legal Practices. Discover Artificial Intelligence, 4(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-024-00121-8

Züger, T., & Asghari, H. (2023). AI for the Public. How Public Interest Theory Shifts the Discourse on AI. AI and Society, 38(2), 815–828. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01480-5

Downloads

Published

2025-12-29

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Cindy Tania, Janwan Gidalty

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Strategi Penuntutan Kejahatan Siber dengan Artificial Intelligence di Era Digital. (2025). Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Sosial, 3(4), 1387-1401. https://doi.org/10.51903/j928ts68