Keadilan Algoritmik dan Perlindungan Data Pribadi: Tantangan Regulasi Hukum di Era Kecerdasan Buatan di Indonesia

Yosafat Grez

doi:10.51903/daf6bq67

Authors

Yosafat Grez Universitas Kristen Petra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51903/daf6bq67

Keywords:

Algorithmic Fairness, Data Protection, Artificial Intelligence Law, Socio-Legal Approach, Digital Governance

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in Indonesia poses new challenges for the legal system, particularly regarding algorithmic fairness and personal data protection. Although Indonesia has enacted the Personal Data Protection Law, the current regulatory framework primarily focuses on data governance and does not comprehensively address algorithmic decision-making mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the gap between legal regulation and the practical implementation of algorithmic systems, and to formulate a model for integrating algorithmic fairness into Indonesia’s legal framework. The research employs a socio-legal approach that combines normative legal analysis of statutory regulations with empirical insights obtained through interviews with academics, practitioners, and regulators. The findings reveal key issues, including algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, and weak accountability, which contribute to potential discrimination in digital systems. Furthermore, a significant gap is identified between legal norms and their implementation, driven by regulatory limitations and insufficient institutional capacity. This study proposes an algorithmic fairness model based on the principles of transparency, accountability, and non-discrimination as a foundation for regulatory improvement. The contribution of this research lies in advancing a more adaptive legal approach to emerging technologies and providing policy recommendations for AI governance. Ultimately, this study underscores the urgency of integrating algorithmic fairness into legal systems to ensure equitable and sustainable digital rights protection in the evolving digital era.

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