Determinan Agresivitas Pajak Sub-sektor Konstruksi Bangunan, Properti, dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2021-2024

Authors

  • Ayu Putri Lestari Program Studi Akuntansi, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
  • Heri Yanto Program Studi Akuntansi, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-4680

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51903/kompak.v19i1.3411

Keywords:

Board Size, Firm Size, Leverage, Profitability, Tax Aggressiveness

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the determinants of tax aggressiveness in construction, property, and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2021–2024. The sample consists of 80 companies with 220 observations, selected using purposive sampling based on criteria such as the availability of financial statements and the absence of losses during the research period. The variables include tax aggressiveness (ETR), profitability (ROA), leverage (DAR), board size, and firm size (SIZE). Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM with WarpPLS 8.0. The results show that profitability has a negative and significant effect on tax aggressiveness, while leverage has a positive and significant effect. Board size does not significantly affect tax aggressiveness but positively influences profitability and leverage. Firm size negatively affects profitability but positively impacts board size and leverage. These findings indicate that financial factors are more dominant in determining tax aggressiveness than board size, a corporate governance mechanism

References

[1] World Bank, “Indonesia Population Data 2024,” World Bank Group, Washington, DC, USA, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://data.worldbank.org/country/indonesia

[2] R. Manjaleni, “Pengaruh Administrasi Pajak Digital, Kualitas Pelayanan Fiskus, dan Kesadaran Wajib Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi,” Kompak J. Ilm. Komputerisasi Akunt., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 578–587, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.51903/kompak.v18i2.3097.

[3] A. P. Sari and K. R. Salman, “Pengaruh Pengetahuan Pajak, Norma Subjektif, dan Penghargaan Finansial terhadap Minat Karir Mahasiswa Menjadi Konsultan Pajak dengan Self-Efficacy sebagai Variabel Moderasi,” Kompak J. Ilm. Komputerisasi Akunt., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 412–422, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.51903/kompak.v18i1.2276.

[4] A. A. Khusna and A. Sihono, “Pengaruh Karakteristik Komite Audit, Profitabilitas, Tingkat Utang terhadap Penghidaran Pajak,” Kompak J. Ilm. Komputerisasi Akunt., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 224–243, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.51903/kompak.v17i2.2055.

[5] Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia, “Laporan Realisasi APBN 2024,” Jakarta, Indonesia, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.kemenkeu.go.id

[6] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, “Revenue Statistics in Asia and the Pacific 2025: Indonesia,” OECD Publishing, Paris, France, 2025. doi: 10.1787/6c04402f-en

[7] Direktorat Jenderal Pajak, “Laporan Kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Pajak 2024,” Jakarta, Indonesia, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.pajak.go.id/id/laporan-kinerja-djp-tahun-2024

[8] M. Rizkina, S. Adiman, and N. Aliah, “Efektivitas Penagihan Pajak Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Pasal 21 Orang Pribadi pada Kantor Direktorat Jenderal Pajak Wilayah Sumut I,” J. Akunt. Bisnis Publik, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 12–26, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.pancabudi.ac.id/index.php/akuntansibisnisdanpublik/article/view/1155

[9] A. Hidayat and R. Muliasari, “Pengaruh Likuiditas, Leverage dan Komisaris Independen terhadap Agresivitas Pajak Perusahaan,” SULTANIST J. Manaj. dan Keuang., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 28–36, 2020, doi: 10.37403/sultanist.v8i1.183.

[10] Y. Ekawarti, S. M. Widyastuti, Y. Alfiana, and L. Summagat, “Dynamics of Tax Avoidance for the Construction Companies in Indonesia_ A Study Financial Factor,” Ilomata Int. J. Tax Account., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1–11, 2025, doi: 10.61194/ijtc.v6i2.1433.

[11] S. Rahmatika, D. P. Rahayu, and M. Indriastuti, “Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Dewan Direksi, dan Kepemilikan Institusional terhadap Agresivitas Pajak,” Parad. J. Ilmu Ekon., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 919–931, 2025, doi: 10.571178/paradoks.v814.1922.

[12] O. A. Martins and O. A. Sule, “Firm Characteristics and Tax Aggressiveness of Quoted Companies in Nigeria,” Econ. Financ. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 163–173, 2024, doi: 10.18488/29.v11i2.3779.

[13] Z. Hanum and J. Faradila, “Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar Di BEI,” Owner, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 479–487, 2022, doi: 10.33395/owner.v7i1.1114.

[14] T. Santia, “Rugikan Negara Rp2,9 Miliar, PT BAPI Resmi Jadi Tersangka Penyelewengan Pajak,” Liputan6.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5539076/rugikan-negara-rp-29-miliar-pt-bapi-resmi-jadi-tersangka-penyelewengan-pajak

[15] D. Kurniawan, “Bos Perusahaan Properti di Jatim Jadi Tersangka Perpajakan, Diduga Rugikan Negara Rp465 Juta,” Liputan6.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.liputan6.com/surabaya/read/5503588/bos-perusahaan-properti-di-jatim-jadi-tersangka-perpajakan-diduga-rugikan-negara-rp-465-juta

[16] L. J. Gitman and C. J. Zutter, Principles of Managerial Finance, Global Edition e book, Boston, MA, USA: Pearson Education, Inc., Oct. 14, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.pearson.com/en-gb/subject-catalog/p/zutter-principles-of-managerial-finance-enhanced-e-book-global-edition-15th-edition/p200000004297/9781292327655

[17] M. A. Khan and S. Nuryanah, “Combating Tax Aggressiveness: Evidence from Indonesia ’ s Tax Amnesty Program Combating Tax Aggressiveness: Evidence from Indonesia ’ s Tax Amnesty Program,” Cogent Econ. Financ., vol. 11, no. 2, p. 2229177, 2023, doi: 10.1080/23322039.2023.2229177.

[18] R. A. Fitriani and M. Indriati, “The Influence of Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, and Profitability on Tax Aggressiveness with Debt Levels as a Moderating Variable,” Ilomata Int. J. Tax Account., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 145–163, 2023, doi: 10.52728/ijtc.v4i1.678.

[19] I. A. Maulana, “Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Properti Dan Real Estate,” J. KRISNA Kumpul. Ris. Akunt., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 155–163, 2020, doi: 10.22225/kr.11.2.1178.155-163.

[20] Harnovinsah, R. Amyulianthy, and E. Permana, “Detecting Tax Aggressiveness through Profitability, Leverage, Inventory Intensity and Company Size,” AKRUAL J. Akunt., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 233–234, 2025, doi: 10.26740/jaj.v16n2.p233-243.

[21] P. Endah, L. Khy, L. Chamalinda, and I. Agus, “Pengaruh Capital Intensity, Intensitas Persediaan, Leverage, Likuiditas, Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak,” Simp. Nas. Perpajak., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 46–63, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://conference.trunojoyo.ac.id/pub/snp/article/view/158

[22] T. F. Surya, A. Muktiyanto, and A. Warokka, “Faktor Faktor yang Memengaruhi Tax Aggressiveness pada Perusahaan Non Keuangan di Indonesia,” J. Ekon. Ef., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 492–502, 2024. doi: 10.32493/jee.v6i4.42570.

[23] O. T. Odunsi, A. A. Alao, and O. P. Fakayode, “Board Attributes and Tax Aggressiveness of Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria,” Int. J. Contemp. Account., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 145–160, 2024, doi: 10.25105/ijca.v6i2.21147.

[24] I. Menchaoui and C. Hssouna, “Impact of Internal Governance Mechanisms on Tax Aggressiveness: Evidence from French Firms Listed on the CAC 40,” EuroMed J. Bus., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 503–517, 2024, doi: 10.1108/emjb-03-2022-0047.

[25] K. Amri, F. W. Ben Mrad Douagi, and M. Guedrib, “The Impact of Internal and External Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Tax Aggressiveness: Evidence from Tunisia,” J. Account. Emerg. Econ., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 43–68, 2023, doi: 10.1108/jaee-01-2021-0019.

[26] A. S. Kusuma and Maryono, “Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas Pajak,” Own. (Riset dan J. Akuntansi), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1888–1898, 2022, doi: 10.33395/owner.v6i2.743.

[27] I. Farida, A. Prawira, and J. Sandria, “The Determinants of Corporate Tax Aggressiveness,” Estud. Econ. Apl., vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.25115/eea.v39i4.4482.

[28] I. P. A. A. Pranata, K. Adhitanaya, M. F. Rizaldi, G. B. E. Winanda, N. M. I. D. Lestari, and P. D. Astuti, “The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility , Firm Size , and Leverage on Tax Aggressiveness: An Empirical Evidence,” Univers. J. Account. Financ., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1478–1486, 2021, doi: 10.13189/ujaf.2021.090624.

[29] Ramadanti, Y. C. Seralurin, K. Patma, and V. Pattiasina, “The Influence of Liquidity, Leverage, and Firm Size on Tax Aggressiveness,” Ilomata Int. J. Tax Account., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 636–645, 2024, doi: 10.61194/ijtc.v5i2.1282.

[30] Y. Fitriyani, “Pengaruh Dewan Komisaris, Dewan Direksi, dan KomiteAudit terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan di BEI Tahun 2017-2019,” J. Ilm. MEA (Manajemen, Ekon. dan Akuntansi), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 849–867, 2021, doi: 10.31955/mea.v5i2.1186.

[31] R. Jao, M. Asri, A. Holly, and Rivaldy, “Pengaruh Karakteristik Dewan Direksi terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Reputasi Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Mediasi,” J. Ris. Akunt. Aksioma, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2022, doi: 10.29303/aksioma.v21i1.148.

[32] E. K. Akwaa-sekyi, N. Nuako, and L. K. K. Atisu, “Corporate Governance Determinans of Capital Structure: Evidence from Manufacturing Firms on the Ghana Stock Exchange,” Corp. Ownersh. Control, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 8–19, 2024, doi: 10.22495/cocv21i3art1.

[33] Y. E. Safitrii and I. Indira, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan dengan Struktur Modal sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi pada Perusahaan Industrial Goods yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2021-2023),” J. Ilm. Raflesia Akunt., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 413–423, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.53494/jira.v10i2.590.

[34] M. N. Nainggolan, A. Sirait, O. N. Nasution, and F. Astuty, “Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan penjualan,dan Leverage terhadap profitabilitas melalui Rasio Roa pada sektor Food & Beverage dalam BEI periode 2015-2019,” Own. (Riset dan J. Akuntansi), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 948–963, 2022, doi: 10.33395/owner.v6i.440.

[35] V. Kartikasari and Z. Ramadhan, “Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan dan Likuiditas Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Subsektor Produk Rumah Tangga Tidak Tahan Lam,” J. Manag. Business, Account., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 327–338, 2024, doi: 10.33557/6aq37t57.

[36] D. Saputra and A. Ardiles, “Pengaruh Leverage , Ukuran Perusahaan , Pertumbuhan Penjualan dan Aktivitas Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Sub Sektor Property Dan Real Estate Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia,” J. Geoekonomi, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 71–80, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.36277/geoekonomi.v15i1.2024.434.

[37] A. Fahmie, “Pengaruh Dividen, Struktur Aset, Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kebijakan Hutang Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Food & Beverage yang Terdaftar di BEI,” J. Ilm. Akunt. Kesatuan, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 123–130, 2022, doi: 10.37641/jiakes.v10i1.1264.

[38] M. C. Jensen and W. H. Meckling, “Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior Agency Costs and Ownership Structure,” J. financ. econ., vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 305–360, 1976, doi: 10.1177/0018726718812602.

[39] J. Barney, “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage,” J. Manage., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 99–120, 1991. doi: 10.1177/014920639101700108.

[40] A. Kraus and R. H. Litzenberger, “A State Preference Model of Optimal Financial Leverage,” J. Finance, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 911–922, 1973. doi: 10.2307/2978233.

[41] M. M. Shamil, D. W. Gooneratne, D. Gunathilaka, and J. M. Shaikh, “The Effect of Board Characteristics on Tax Aggressiveness: The Case of Listed Entities in Sri Lanka,” J. Account. Emerg. Econ., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 747–770, 2024, doi: 10.1108/jaee-08-2022-0224.

[42] E. F. Fama and M. C. Jensen, “Separation of Ownership and Control,” J. Law Econ., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 301–325, 1983. doi: 10.1086/467037

[43] P. Ikawati and Linawati, “The Influence of Profitability, Earnings Management and Capital Intensity on Tax Aggressiveness,” Contemp. Tax Account. J., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2025. doi: 10.32493/ctaj.v2i1.53067.

[44] R. M. Y. D. Rengganis and I. G. A. . A. D. P. Putri, “Pengaruh Corporate Governance dan Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak,” E-Jurnal Ekon. dan Bisnis Univ. Udayana, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 871–898, 2021, doi: 10.24843/eja.2018.v24.i02.p03.

[45] A. M. Ichwan, Haliah, and Haerial, “Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Agresivitas Pajak,” AKRUAL J. Bisnis dan Akunt. Kontemporer, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 145–152, 2023, doi: 10.26487/akrual.v16i2.26415.

[46] G. E. D. Simanungkalit, N. S. Budiarso, and C. Korompis, “Pengaruh Leverage, Likuiditas, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (Studi pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2019-2022),” Ris. Akunt. dan Portofolio Investasi, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 64–76, 2023, doi: 10.58784/rapi.55.

[47] A. V. K. Wuwur, R. G. Artaningrum, and L. D. C. Cahyadi, “Effect of Earnings Management and GCG Mechanisms (Good Corporat Governance) on Firm Value in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2017-2019,” J. Ekon. Bisnis, dan Hum., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 119–124, 2022, doi: 10.36002/jd.v2i2.2576.

[48] H. Y. Puspitaningrum and A. Indriani, “Pengaruh Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Dengan Ukuran Perusahaan dan Leverage Sebagai Variabel Kontrol,” Diponegoro J. Manag., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1–15, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/djom/article/view/32373

[49] D. G. Y. Putri and Supramono, “Good Corporate Governance and Financial Performance : Moderating Effects of Company Size,” Quant. Econ. Manag. Stud., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 932–943, 2022, doi: 10.35877/454ri.asci1251.

[50] M. B. Muttakin, D. Mihret, T. T. Lemma, and A. Khan, “Integrated Reporting, Financial Reporting Quality and Cost of Debt,” Int. J. Account. Inf. Manag., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 517–534, 2020, doi: 10.1108/ijaim-10-2019-0124.

[51] N. Wulan and E. Purwaningsih, “Pengaruh Dewan Direksi, Dewan Komisaris dan Komite Audit Terhadap Kebijakan Hutang,” J. Akunt., Manajemen, Ekon., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 115–127, 2023. doi: 10.24843/eja.2020.v30.i07.p15.

[52] I. Sihombing, P. A. Lestari, and I. Muda, “The Impact of Profitability, Firm Size, and Capital Structure on Firm Value in the Manufacturing Sector,” J. Mod. Account. Audit., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 229–236, 2025, doi: 10.17265/1548-6583/2025.03.0014.

[53] T. Zavalii, I. Zhyhlei, and O. Ivashko, “Does Size Determine Financial Performance of Advertising and Marketing Companies ? Evidence from Western Europe on SDGs,” Sustainability, vol. 1, pp. 1–30, 2025, doi: 10.3390/ su17135812.

[54] M. Y. Biabi, I. K. Arthana, and J. C. Nenabu, “Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada Perusahaan Sektor Teknologi Tahun 2019-2023,” Optim. J. Ekon. dan Manaj., vol. 2024, no. 8, pp. 415–431, 2025, doi: 10.55606/optimal.v5i1.6014.

[55] N. Fitrifatun and D. Meirini, “Pengaruh Green Accounting, Kinerja Lingkungan, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Likuiditas terhadap Profitabilitas: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018-2022,” Reslaj Relig. Educ. Soc. Laa Roiba J., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 809–8827, 2024, doi: 10.47476/reslaj.v6i3.4175.

[56] Hermanto and A. Dewinta, “Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Efisiensi Perusahaan, Likuiditas, Kekuatan Pasar, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan dan Leverage terhadap Profitabilitas,” J. Ilm. MEA ( Manaj. , Ekon. , dan Akunt. ), vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 846–871, 2023, doi: 10.31955/mea.v7i2.3060.

[57] H. Wijaya and G. Memarista, “Board Size and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Female Representation,” J. Akunt. dan Keuang., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 18–28, 2024, doi: 10.9744/jak.26.1.18-28.

[58] Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development, “G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023,” OECD Publishing, Paris, France, Sep. 11, 2023. doi: 10.1787/ed750b30 en.

[59] R. Rismawati, “Tinjauan pada Profitabilitas, Umur, Ukuran dan Nilai Perusahaan terhadap Struktur Modal serta Dampaknya pada Manajemen Laba,” J. Manaj. dan Perbank., vol. 8, no. Februari, pp. 20–35, 2021, doi: 10.55963/jumpa.v8i1.367.

[60] R. G. Rajan and L. Zingales, “What Do We Know About Capital Structure? Some Evidence From International Data,” J. Finance, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 1421–1460, 1995. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1995.tb05184.x.

[61] M. I. Hutabarat, “Pengaruh ROA, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Likuiditas dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Struktur Modal Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Makanan dan Minuman di BEI,” Own. (Riset dan J. Akuntansi), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 348–358, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i1.589.

[62] T. D. Lestari and S. Sidik, “Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kebijakan Hutang pada Perusahaan Subsektor Farmasi yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2015 2020,” J. Edukasi Ekon. Pendidik. dan Akunt., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 105–114, 2022. doi: 10.25157/je.v10i2.8393.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-09

How to Cite

Determinan Agresivitas Pajak Sub-sektor Konstruksi Bangunan, Properti, dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2021-2024. (2026). Kompak :Jurnal Ilmiah Komputerisasi Akuntansi , 19(1), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.51903/kompak.v19i1.3411

Similar Articles

21-30 of 144

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.