Analisis Faktor Risiko Investasi Proyek Jalan Tol KPBU Berbasis Sistem Informasi: Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/kompak.v19i1.4038Keywords:
Jalan Tol, Analisis Risiko Investasi , Systematic Literature Review , Prisma , Decision Support SystemAbstract
Investasi proyek jalan tol melalui skema Kerja Sama Pemerintah dan Badan Usaha (KPBU) menghadapi tingkat ketidakpastian yang tinggi akibat kompleksitas karakteristik proyek, besarnya nilai investasi, panjangnya periode konsesi, serta keterlibatan berbagai pemangku kepentingan. Risiko investasi tidak hanya berasal dari aspek konstruksi, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor finansial, permintaan lalu lintas (traffic risk), regulasi, dan dinamika kebijakan yang dapat memengaruhi kelayakan investasi. Pendekatan analisis risiko yang masih bersifat konvensional belum mampu menyediakan informasi yang terintegrasi, objektif, dan adaptif sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan investasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model konseptual analisis risiko investasi proyek jalan tol KPBU berbasis sistem informasi sebagai landasan pengembangan Decision Support System (DSS). Metode penelitian menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020 untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis variabel serta indikator risiko investasi dari publikasi bereputasi yang terindeks Scopus dan Web of Science pada periode 2015–2025. Hasil sintesis literatur mengidentifikasi empat kelompok risiko utama, yaitu risiko konstruksi, risiko finansial, risiko permintaan (traffic risk), dan risiko regulasi. Keempat variabel tersebut dirumuskan sebagai variabel independen yang memengaruhi keputusan investasi, dengan sistem informasi analisis risiko diposisikan sebagai variabel mediasi yang mengintegrasikan proses identifikasi, penilaian, dan visualisasi risiko.
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